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Delhi International Airport, Terminal 3
Smoke Ventilation System Design as per NFPA Standards

Representation of Fire

The fire is represented as a fluid region where source of heat, mass and smoke are introduced. In the fire region, additional source terms are included in the mass continuity and energy equations

In above equation Q is Heat release rate due to fire, mfu is rate of fuel consumption, Hfu is heating value of the fuel and η is combustion efficiency


CFD results showing mass fraction of
smoke at various locations


CFD results showing mass fraction of
smoke at various locations

Result and Conclusion

The following conclusions can be drawn from the results of CFD smoke simulations of ventilation system for DIAL Arrival Baggage Reclaim Hall:

1. Ventilation system in the arrival baggage reclaim hall area has been simulated for 25 minutes of duration with CFD.

2. From CFD results, it was seen that using the ventilation design as per the thumb rules, the arrival baggage reclaim hall was completely filled with smoke within 10 mins. of start of fire.

3. Further the ventilation system was modified as per the CFD results. The new system is able to keep areas of human occupancy free from smoke for up to 45 mins from the start of fire.

Objective

The objective of the present work is to examine the ventilation system effectiveness in case of an accidental fire in the Arrival Baggage Reclaim Hall, DIAL-New Delhi Project using CFD Analysis.The specific aim of the project is to investigate the smoke concentrations, velocities and smoke temperatures for a given intensity of fire load 5.27 MW and also to derive the numbers & capacity of exhaust fans.


DIAL Visualisation

3D modeling and meshing

The 2D drawings of the area as obtained from the client are converted into a 3D model. This model is then meshed with hexahedral meshing. This mesh model is then used for conducting the CFD analysis


Figure showing the 2D layout of the
Upcoming Delhi International Airport(DIAL)

3D model of 'Arrival Baggage Reclaim Hall'